Arabic (Original)
رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ الْأَضْحَى فَزَعَمَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَعُودَ لِضَحِيَّةٍ أُخْرَى فَقَالَ أَبُو بُرْدَةَ لَا أَجِدُ إِلَّا جَذَعًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَإِنْ لَمْ تَجِدْ إِلَّا جَذَعًا فَاذْبَحْ ذَكَرَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ هَذَيْنِ الْحَدِيثَيْنِ عَنْ مَالِكٍ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ 19027 ثُمَّ قَالَ مَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ أَنْبَأَ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فَاحْتُمِلَ أَنْ يَكُونَ إِنَّمَا أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَعُودَ لِضَحِيَّةٍ أَنَّ الضَّحِيَّةَ وَاجِبَةٌ وَاحْتَمَلَ أَمْرُهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَعُودَ إِنْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُضَحِّيَ؛ لَأَنَّ الضَّحِيَّةَ قَبْلَ الْوَقْتِ لَيْسَتْ بِضَحِيَّةٍ تُجْزِيهِ فَيَكُونُ مِنْ عِدَادِ مَنْ ضَحَّى فَوَجَدْنَا الدَّلَالَةَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّ الضَّحِيَّةَ لَيْسَتْ بِوَاجِبَةٍ لَا يَحِلُّ تَرْكُهَا وَهِيَ سُنَّةٌ نُحِبُّ لُزُومَهَا وَنَكْرَهُ تَرْكَهَا لَا عَلَى إِيجَابِهَا فَإِنْ قِيلَ فَأَيْنَ السُّنَّةُ الَّتِي دَلَّتْ عَلَى أَنَّهَا لَيْسَتْ بِوَاجِبَةٍ قِيلَ أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ ؓ قَالَتْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا دَخَلَ الْعَشْرُ فَأَرَادَ أَحَدُكُمْ أَنْ يُضَحِّيَ فَلَا يَمَسَّ مِنْ شَعْرِهِ وَلَا مِنْ بَشَرِهِ شَيْئًا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَفِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ دَلَالَةٌ عَلَى أَنَّ الضَّحِيَّةَ لَيْسَتْ بِوَاجِبَةٍ؛ لِقَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَرَادَ أَحَدُكُمْ أَنْ يُضَحِّيَ وَلَوْ كَانَتِ الضَّحِيَّةُ وَاجِبَةً أَشْبَهَ أَنْ يَقُولَ فَلَا يَمَسَّ مِنْ شَعْرِهِ حَتَّى يُضَحِّيَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَفِي الْحَدِيثِ الثَّابِتِ عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ ؓ قَالَ خَطَبَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ أَوَّلَ مَا نَبْدَأُ بِهِ فِي يَوْمِنَا هَذَا أَنْ نُصَلِّيَ ثُمَّ نَرْجِعَ فَنَنْحَرَ فَمَنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ أَصَابَ سُنَّتَنَا وَذَلِكَ مَذْكُورٌ فِي بَابِ وَقْتِ الْأُضْحِيَّةِ البيهقي ١٩٠٢٧: عن
English Translation
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) on the Day of Sacrifice - and he claimed that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded him to repeat with another sacrifice. Abu Burdah said: "I can only find a jadha'ah (young animal)." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Even if you can only find a jadha'ah, then slaughter it." Al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) mentioned these two hadiths from Malik (may Allah have mercy on him), then he said - as Abu Abdullah al-Hafiz informed us, Abu al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya'qub narrated to us, al-Rabi' ibn Sulayman informed us - al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: It is possible that the command to repeat the sacrifice was because the sacrifice is obligatory. It is also possible that the command was to repeat it if he wanted to sacrifice, because a sacrifice done before its time is not a valid sacrifice that counts for him among those who have sacrificed. We found evidence from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that the sacrifice is not an absolute obligation that is unlawful to abandon; rather it is a Sunnah that we love to adhere to and dislike to abandon, but not as an obligation. If asked: "Where is the Sunnah that indicates it is not obligatory?" the answer is: Sufyan informed us from Abd al-Rahman ibn Humayd, from Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab, from Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When the ten days (of Dhul-Hijjah) enter and one of you intends to sacrifice, let him not touch any of his hair or skin." Al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: In this hadith is evidence that the sacrifice is not obligatory, because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said "intends to sacrifice," and if the sacrifice were obligatory, it would be more fitting for him to say "let him not touch his hair until he sacrifices." The Shaykh said: And in the established hadith from al-Bara' ibn Azib (may Allah be pleased with him) who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave us a sermon on the Day of Sacrifice and said: "The first thing we begin with on this day of ours is to pray, then we return and sacrifice. Whoever does that has followed our Sunnah." That is mentioned in the chapter on the time of the sacrifice.