Arabic (Original)
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ قَالَ لَمْ يَقَعِ الْقَسْمُ وَلَا السَّهْمُ إِلَّا فِي غَزَاةِ بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ وَكَانَتِ الْخَيْلُ يَوْمَئِذٍ سِتَّةً وَثَلَاثِينَ فَرَسًا فَفِيهَا أَعْلَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سُهْمَانَ الْخَيْلِ وَسُهْمَانَ الرِّجَالِ فَعَلَى سُنَّتِهَا جَرَتِ الْمَقَاسِمُ فَجَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِلْفَارِسِ وَفَرَسِهِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَسْهُمٍ؛ لَهُ سَهْمٌ وَلِفَرَسِهِ سَهْمَانِ وَلِلرَّاجِلِ سَهْمًا فَأَمَّا يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ فَلَمْ يَقَعْ فِيهِ السُّهْمَانُ وَلَمْ تَحْلِلْ لَهُمْ فِيهِ الْمَغَانِمُ حَتَّى كَانَ فِيهِ مِنَ اللهِ مَا كَانَ فَأَحَلَّهَا لَهُمْ بَعْدَ أَنْ كَادَ النَّاسُ يَهْلِكُوا فَقَالَ {لَوْلَا كِتَابٌ مِنَ اللهِ سَبَقَ} [الأنفال 68] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ كَانَ يَوْمُ أُحُدٍ فَكَانَ عَامَ مُصِيبَةٍ ثُمَّ كَانَ عَامُ الْخَنْدَقِ فَكَانَ عَامَ حِصَارٍ ثُمَّ كَانَتْ بَنُو قُرَيْظَةَ فَعَلَى سُنَّتِهَا جَرَتِ الْمَقَاسِمُ إِلَى يَوْمِكَ هَذَا
English Translation
Abdullah ibn Abi Bakr ibn Muhammad ibn Amr ibn Hazm said: The division and shares were first established in the expedition against Banu Qurayzah. The cavalry that day numbered thirty-six horses. In that expedition, the Messenger of Allah established the shares of the cavalry and infantry. Based on that precedent, all subsequent divisions followed. The Messenger of Allah allotted three shares for the horseman and his horse - one for him and two for his horse - and one share for the foot soldier. As for the day of Badr, no shares were established and the spoils were not permissible until what happened from Allah regarding them, and He made them permissible after the people almost perished. He said: 'If not for a decree from Allah that preceded' [Al-Anfal 68] to the end of the two verses. Then came the day of Uhud, which was a year of calamity. Then came the year of the Trench, which was a year of siege. Then came Banu Qurayzah, and based on its precedent, the divisions continued to this day.