العربية (الأصل)
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُزَنِيُّ ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرِ بْنُ قَتَادَةَ أنبأ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْهَرَوِيُّ قَالَا أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى ثنا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ أَخْبَرَنِي شُعَيْبٌ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ أَخْبَرَنِي حُمَيْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَنَّ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ قَالَ بَعَثَنِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فِيمَنْ يُؤَذِّنُ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ بِمِنًى أَنْ لَا يَحُجَّ بَعْدَ الْعَامِ مُشْرِكٌ وَأَنْ لَا يَطُوفَ بِالْبَيْتِ عُرْيَانٌ وَيَوْمُ الْحَجِّ الْأَكْبَرِ يَوْمُ النَّحْرِ وَإِنَّمَا قِيلَ الْحَجُّ الْأَكْبَرُ مِنْ أَجْلِ قَوْلِ النَّاسِ الْحَجَّ الْأَصْغَرَ فَنَبَذَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ إِلَى النَّاسِ فِي ذَلِكَ الْعَامِ فَلَمْ يَحُجَّ فِي الْعَامِ الْقَابِلِ الَّذِي حَجَّ فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَجَّةَ الْوَدَاعِ مُشْرِكٌ وَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ فِي الْعَامِ الَّذِي نَبَذَ فِيهِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْمُشْرِكُونَ نَجَسٌ فَلَا يَقْرَبُوا الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ} [التوبة 28] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ} [التوبة 28] فَكَانَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ يُوَافُونَ بِالتِّجَارَةِ فَيَنْتَفِعُ بِهَا الْمُسْلِمُونَ فَلَمَّا حَرَّمَ اللهُ عَلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَنْ لَا يَقْرَبُوا الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ وَجَدَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ مِمَّا قُطِعَ عَنْهُمْ مِنَ التِّجَارَةِ الَّتِي كَانَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ يُوَافُونَ بِهَا فَقَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى {وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ عَيْلَةً فَسَوْفَ يُغْنِيكُمُ اللهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ إِنْ شَاءَ} [التوبة 28] ثُمَّ أَحَلَّ فِي الْآيَةِ الَّتِي تَتْبَعُهَا الْجِزْيَةَ وَلَمْ تَكُنْ تُؤْخَذُ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ فَجَعَلَهَا عِوَضًا مِمَّا مَنَعَهُمْ مِنْ مُوَافَاةِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ بِتِجَارَاتِهِمْ فَقَالَ {قَاتِلُوا الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللهِ وَلَا بِالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَلَا يُحَرِّمُونَ مَا حَرَّمَ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَلَا يَدِينُونَ دِينَ الْحَقِّ مِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ حَتَّى يُعْطُوا الْجِزْيَةَ عَنْ يَدٍ وَهُمْ صَاغِرُونَ} [التوبة 29] فَلَمَّا أَحَلَّ اللهُ ذَلِكَ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ عَرَفُوا أَنَّهُ قَدْ عَاضَهُمْ أَفْضَلَ مِمَّا كَانُوا وَجَدُوا عَلَيْهِ مِمَّا كَانَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ يُوَافُونَ بِهِ مِنَ التِّجَارَةِ
الترجمة الإنجليزية
Abu Abdullah al-Hafiz informed us > Abu Muhammad al-Muzani. And Abu Nasr ibn Qatadah informed us > Abu Muhammad Ahmad ibn Ishaq al-Harawi. They both said > Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Isa > Abu al-Yaman > Shu'ayb > al-Zuhri > Humayd ibn Abd al-Rahman, that Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) sent me among those who announce on the Day of Sacrifice at Mina that no polytheist shall perform Hajj after this year, and no one shall circumambulate the House naked. The Day of the Greater Hajj is the Day of Sacrifice, and it was only called the Greater Hajj because the people say the Lesser Hajj [meaning Umrah]. Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) notified the people of this that year, so no polytheist performed Hajj in the following year — the year in which the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) performed the Farewell Pilgrimage. And Allah Most High revealed in the year Abu Bakr notified the polytheists: {O you who have believed, the polytheists are unclean, so let them not approach the Sacred Mosque} [9:28] — to His saying {All-Knowing, All-Wise}. The polytheists used to come with trade goods that benefited the Muslims. When Allah forbade the polytheists from approaching the Sacred Mosque, the Muslims were distressed about the trade that the polytheists used to bring. Allah Most High said: {And if you fear poverty, Allah will enrich you from His bounty if He wills} [9:28]. Then He permitted in the following verse the jizyah — which had not been taken before — making it a compensation for what He had prevented them from, the trade of the polytheists. He said: {Fight those who do not believe in Allah or in the Last Day and who do not consider unlawful what Allah and His Messenger have made unlawful and who do not adopt the religion of truth from those who were given the Scripture, until they pay the jizyah willingly while they are humbled} [9:29]. When Allah permitted that for the Muslims, they recognized that He had compensated them with something better than what they had lost from the trade the polytheists used to bring.