الجزء 83

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ الْأَعْرَابِيِّ ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ...

Discussion of the scholarly debate about cutting trees during warfare — some permitted it while others limited it to cases of military necessity.

وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ أنبأ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ ثنا الزَّعْفَرَانِيُّ ثنا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ أنبأ أَبَانُ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَ...

Discussion of the use of fire in warfare — the Prophet initially allowed burning the enemy's fortifications but later forbade burning with fire as a punishment.

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ ثنا ابْنُ أَبِي عَدِ...

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "None punishes with fire except the Lord of fire." Some scholars understood this as a prohibition on using fire as a weapo...

وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ أنبأ أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ الْأَعْرَابِيِّ ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الزَّعْفَرَانِيُّ ثنا عَبْدُ...

Discussion of night raids and attacking the enemy at night — the Prophet was asked about attacking the polytheists at night, knowing that women and children mig...

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ قَالَا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ أنبأ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ أَبِي يَح...

The Prophet (peace be upon him) was asked about the polytheists whose homes were raided at night, and their women and children were affected. He said: "They are...

وَالَّذِي يَدُلُّ عَلَيْهِ مَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ أنبأ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ ...

Discussion of the conditions under which night attacks are permissible — when the enemy cannot be distinguished from civilians, and the Muslims take reasonable ...

وَحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ أنبأ أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الرُّصَافِيُّ بِبَغْدَادَ أنبأ الْعَبَّاس...

Discussion of the use of water as a weapon — cutting off the enemy's water supply or flooding their positions. Scholars have discussed its permissibility.

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ شَوْذَبٍ الْوَاسِطِيُّ بِهَا ثن...

The scholars have permitted using water as a weapon of war in certain circumstances, based on the general principle that war tactics are permissible unless spec...

كَمَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِسْحَا...

Discussion of the obligation to give quarter — when the enemy surrenders, their lives must be spared. The Prophet accepted the surrender of many enemies.

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو عَمْرٍو الْحِيرِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو يَعْلَى ثنا زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ ثنا هُشَيْمُ بْن...

The Prophet (peace be upon him) accepted the surrender of the people of Makkah on the day of the conquest and did not harm them, saying: "Go, you are free."

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ الْقَطَّانُ ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الدَّارَابَجِرْدِيّ...

Discussion of the Prophet's clemency at the conquest of Makkah and how it established the principle of accepting surrender and granting amnesty.

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي قَالَا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْق...

Discussion of the treatment of enemy combatants who are captured — the options of the imam regarding prisoners of war.

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى وَزِيَادُ بْنُ أَيُّوبَ قَ...

The imam has four options regarding prisoners of war: execution, enslavement, ransom (in exchange for Muslim prisoners or payment), or release as a favor. He ch...

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْبِسْطَامِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ الْ...

Discussion of the factors the imam considers when deciding the fate of prisoners — the military situation, the potential for future harm, and the benefit of ran...

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْإِيَادِيُّ بِبَغْدَادَ أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ النَّصِيبِيُّ ثنا الْحَارِثُ بْنُ أ...

The Prophet (peace be upon him) ransomed the prisoners of Badr — most were released in exchange for teaching Muslim children to read and write, or for monetary ...

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ بِبَغْدَادَ ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الرَّزَّازُ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ أنب...

Discussion of the ransom of prisoners and the various forms it can take — money, exchange of prisoners, or other forms of compensation.

كَمَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ ثنا مُغِيرَةُ بْنُ ...

Discussion of the ruling on the execution of prisoners — it is permitted when the imam determines it is in the interest of the Muslims, based on the Prophet's p...

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي قَالَا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْق...

The Prophet (peace be upon him) ordered the execution of some prisoners at Badr who were known enemies of Islam and could not be safely released or ransomed.

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ أنبأ الشَّافِعِ...

Discussion of the factors that may lead the imam to order the execution of a prisoner — habitual treachery, leadership of hostile forces, or the inability to sa...

قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَحْيَى الْغَسَّانِيِّ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ ح قَالَ وَأنبأ سُفْيَا...

Discussion of the enslavement of prisoners of war — its legal basis and the conditions under which it applies.