الجزء 83

الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَكَانَ الْمَمْنُونُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِلَا فِدْيَةٍ أَبَا عَزَّةَ الْجُمَحِيَّ تَرَكَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِبَنَاتِهِ ...

Discussion of the banner (rayah) and flag (liwa) in Islamic warfare — the Prophet would appoint flag-bearers and organize the army into units.

وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ الْجَهْ...

The Prophet (peace be upon him) appointed Ali as the flag-bearer at Khaybar and said: "I will give the flag tomorrow to a man who loves Allah and His Messenger,...

أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْفَقِيهُ وَأَبُو الْفَضْلِ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْمُزَ...

Discussion of the appointment of military commanders and the Prophet's practice of assigning leadership based on merit and piety.

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالَا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا أَحْم...

The Prophet (peace be upon him) appointed commanders for each military unit and gave them specific instructions about the conduct of the campaign.

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الْبَغْدَادِيُّ ثنا أَبُو عُلَاثَةَ ثنا أَبِي ثنا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي ا...

Discussion of the obligation to obey the military commander during warfare, as long as his commands do not involve disobedience to Allah.

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ السُّكَّرِيُّ بِبَغْدَادَ أنبأ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الص...

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "Whoever obeys me has obeyed Allah, and whoever disobeys me has disobeyed Allah. Whoever obeys the commander has obeyed me...

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَهْلٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ نَصْرَوَيْهِ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو بَ��ْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ خَنَبٍ الْبُخَارِيُّ ثنا...

Discussion of the consequences of disobeying the military commander during battle — it can lead to defeat and loss of life.

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ الْقَطَّانُ أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الس...

The Prophet (peace be upon him) appointed Usamah ibn Zayd as commander of an army, despite his young age. When some companions objected, the Prophet defended hi...

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ السُّكَّرِيُّ أنبأ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ ثنا...

Discussion of the Prophet's practice of appointing young and able commanders, and the obligation of the army to obey them regardless of their age.

وَأَمَّا الْمُفَادَاةُ بِالنَّفْسِ فَفِيمَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ ثنا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ أَحْمَد...

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "March in the name of Allah, with the blessing of Allah, in the way of the Messenger of Allah. Do not kill an elderly pers...

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الصَّفَّارُ ...

Discussion of the injunctions given to commanders before military campaigns — the rules of engagement established by the Prophet.

وَأَمَّا الْمُفَادَاةُ بِالْمَالِ فَفِيمَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَرْفِيّ...

Abu Bakr gave similar instructions to his commanders: "Do not kill a child, an old man, or a woman. Do not cut down a fruit-bearing tree. Do not slaughter a she...

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالَا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا إِبْر...

Discussion of Abu Bakr's instructions to the army, which expanded upon the Prophet's guidelines and became a model for Islamic military ethics.

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَعْدٍ ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ...

The Prophet (peace be upon him) forbade killing women and children during battle. He saw a killed woman and said: "She was not someone who fights." He sent a ma...

وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ ثنا يُونُسُ ...

Discussion of the prohibition of killing non-combatants — women, children, the elderly, monks, and those who do not participate in fighting.

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَخْتَوَيْهِ ثنا الْقَبَّانِيُّ وَالْحَسَنُ بْنُ ...

The scholars have discussed exceptions to the prohibition of killing non-combatants — if they participate in combat, give strategic advice to the enemy, or dire...

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو عَمْرِو بْنُ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ ...

Discussion of the use of siege warfare and its permissibility in Islam. The Prophet besieged the fortress of Taif and used catapults.

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ شَوْ...

The Prophet (peace be upon him) besieged the people of Taif and used a catapult (manjaniq) against them. This shows the permissibility of siege warfare and heav...

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ دَرَسْتَوَيْهِ ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ ثنا أَبُو صَالِحٍ...

Discussion of the permissibility of cutting down the enemy's trees and destroying their crops during warfare, based on the Prophet's practice at Banu al-Nadir.

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالَا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ث...

The Prophet (peace be upon him) ordered the palm trees of Banu al-Nadir to be cut down and burned. When they protested, Allah revealed: "Whatever palm trees you...